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angle It is undergoing major renovation.web framework made by Google used with TypeScript in preparation Version 16, there are many new and exciting things.For example, it’s easier to use server-side rendering, which means faster and smoother web pages. It also has better runtime performance, so less bugs and crashes.
Version 16 has not been released yet, but you can try the first release candidate version now. It has more changes than any previous major version (except jumps from). angle To angle 2). angle more modern and powerful, Version 16 is just the beginning. Here are some great features you can expect in this release:
One of the most exciting features Angular 16’s Introducing signals, a new way to manage state changes in Angular applications. signal is inspired by Solid.jsIt’s a reactive UI library that uses . push-pull pattern Create a response value graph.
signal A function that returns a value (get), which can be updated by calling them with new values (set). signal It can also depend on other signals, creating a reactive value graph that automatically updates when the dependencies change. signal can be used with RxJS observables, which are still supported corner 16to create powerful and declarative data flows.
signal It has several advantages over traditional change detection mechanisms. angle,Dependent Zone.js Monkey patch the browser API and trigger change detection globally. signal Traverse the entire component tree, Zone.jsThis improves runtime performance and reduces complexity.
signal It also makes your code more expressive and easier to reason about because you can clearly see value dependencies and updates. signal It also enables fine-grained reactivity. This means you can control when and how the value changes.
Here’s an example of using signals in Angular 16.
// Import the createSignal function
import { createSignal } from '@angular/core';// Create a component that uses signals
@Component({
selector: 'app-counter',
template: `
<h1>{{ count }}</h1>
<button (click)="increment()">+</button>
<button (click)="decrement()">-</button>
`
})
export class CounterComponent {
// Create a signal instance for the count value
count = createSignal(0);
// Increment the count value by calling the next method on the signal
increment() {
this.count.next(this.count.value + 1);
}
// Decrement the count value by calling the next method on the signal
decrement() {
this.count.next(this.count.value - 1);
}
}
Another big improvement corner 16 is the support of non-destructive hydrationwhich gives Server-side rendering (SSR) Faster and smoother. SSRs is a technique that renders the application on the server and sends the HTML content to the browser. The browser turns it into a fully interactive and functional web page by attaching JavaScript behaviors and event listeners.
SSRs Reduce time to interactive (TTI) and improve SEO and accessibility. SSR has been available in frameworks such as React and Next.js for some time, but it has not been easy to implement in Angular. Angular 16 has out-of-the-box support for SSR, making SSR applications faster and smoother.
Nondestructive hydration means that the browser Doesn’t overwrite or remove existing HTML content Or attributes when hydrating the application. This preserves any server-side optimizations or customizations you’ve applied to your HTML content. Nondestructive hydration also avoids potential conflicts and errors that can be caused by mismatched HTML content between server and client.
Angular 16 also introduces several new features and improvements that improve developer experience and code quality for Angular applications. Some of these features are:
- Input required components: This feature allows you to mark some inputs of a component as required. That means the parent component should provide them. Otherwise an error will be thrown. This makes it easier to catch bugs and typos at compile time and ensures that your component receives all the data it needs to function properly. Mandatory component inputs also make components more self-documenting and easier to use.
@Component({})
class HomeComponent {
@Input({required: true}) someRequiredInput;
}
- Dependency Injection Debug API: This feature allows you to inspect and debug the dependency injection system of your Angular application. You can use these APIs to get information about your dependencies’ providers, tokens, injectors, scopes, and instances. You can also use these APIs to simulate different scenarios and test cases for your dependencies.
Here’s an example of using the dependency injection debug API in Angular 16.
// Import the DebugInjector interface
import { DebugInjector } from '@angular/core';// Inject the DebugInjector service in the constructor
constructor(private debugInjector: DebugInjector) {}
// Use the DebugInjector service to get information about the dependencies
ngOnInit() {
// Get the provider for a token
const provider = this.debugInjector.getProvider(MyService);
// Get the injector for a token
const injector = this.debugInjector.getInjector(MyService);
// Get the scope for a token
const scope = this.debugInjector.getScope(MyService);
// Get the instance for a token
const instance = this.debugInjector.getInstance(MyService);
// Simulate a different scenario for a token
this.debugInjector.simulate(MyService, {
// Provide a different value for the token
value: new MyService('test'),
// Override the scope for the token
scope: 'root',
// Override the injector for the token
injector: this.debugInjector.createInjector([MyService])
});
// Reset the simulation for a token
this.debugInjector.reset(MyService);
}
In this example, we create a simple component that uses the dependency injection debug API to retrieve and manipulate information about dependencies. we, DebugInjector Create an interface from @angular/core and inject it as a service in the constructor.Then use different methods DebugInjector Services for accessing and modifying Providers, Injectors, Scopes, and Instances of Dependency TokensYou can also create different scenarios and test cases for your dependencies using simulate and reset methods. This way you can debug and troubleshoot your dependency injection system more easily and effectively.
- Improved documentation and schematics for standalone components: This feature improves documentation and schematics for creating standalone components in Angular applications. A standalone component is a component that does not belong to any module and can be used anywhere in the application. Standalone components are useful for creating reusable UI elements or libraries.
- Exploring options for improving JavaScript bundles created by the Angular CLI: This feature explores various options for optimizing JavaScript bundles created by the Angular CLI, including using ES modules, tree shaking, code splitting, and diff loading. These options are intended to reduce the bundle size and improve the loading performance of your Angular application.
corner 16 It also adds several other features and improvements that enhance the functionality and usability of the framework. Some of these features are:
- Tailwind CSS support: Tailwind CSS A popular utility-first CSS framework that allows you to style components using classes instead of writing custom CSS. Tailwind CSS It has many advantages such as faster development, consistent design, responsive design, customization and extensibility. Angular 16 support Tailwind CSS Out of the box, you can easily use it in your Angular projects.
- CSS isolation support: CSS isolation is the ability to scope component styles to prevent them from leaking or conflicting with other styles. CSS isolation can be achieved using shadow DOM or emulated encapsulation. Angular 16 supports both options and you can choose the one that suits your needs.
Here’s an example of using CSS isolation in Angular 16.
// Import the ViewEncapsulation enum
import { Component, ViewEncapsulation } from '@angular/core';// Create a component that uses shadow DOM for CSS isolation
@Component({
selector: 'app-shadow',
template: `
<h1>Shadow DOM</h1>
<p>This component uses shadow DOM for CSS isolation.</p>
`,
styles: [`
h1 {
color: blue;
}
`],
// Set the encapsulation property to ViewEncapsulation.ShadowDom
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.ShadowDom
})
export class ShadowComponent {}
// Create a component that uses emulated encapsulation for CSS isolation
@Component({
selector: 'app-emulated',
template: `
<h1>Emulated Encapsulation</h1>
<p>This component uses emulated encapsulation for CSS isolation.</p>
`,
styles: [`
h1 {
color: red;
}
`],
// Set the encapsulation property to ViewEncapsulation.Emulated (default value)
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.Emulated
})
export class EmulatedComponent {}
The first component uses shadow DOM. This is a native browser feature that creates separate DOM trees and style scopes for components. The second component uses emulated encapsulation. This is an Angular feature that adds unique attributes to component elements and styles to simulate shadow DOM behavior.
- Support for native trusted types: Trusted Type is a browser feature that helps prevent. Cross-site scripting (XSS) Prevent attacks by enforcing strict rules about how strings are used in sensitive contexts. reliable type You can prevent malicious code execution by sanitizing or rejecting unsafe strings. corner 16 Support native reliable type Automatically applied to templates and expressions.
This is an example that can be used reliable type of corner 16:
// Import the createTrustedHTML function
import { createTrustedHTML } from '@angular/core';// Create a component that uses Trusted Types
@Component({
selector: 'app-hello',
template: `
<div [innerHTML]="message"></div>
`
})
export class HelloComponent {
// Create a trusted HTML value using the createTrustedHTML function
message = createTrustedHTML('<h1>Hello, world!</h1>');
// Alternatively, use the safevalues library to create trusted values
// import { createHtml } from 'safevalues/implementation/html_impl';
// message = createHtml('<h1>Hello, world!</h1>');
}
- Support for dynamic import of router data: This feature is a new way to get router information in your component without injecting the router information into your component.
ActivatedRouteservice. This feature allows you to bind some router data such as route parameters, data, query parameters, fragments, URLs to component inputs. This makes your code simpler and cleaner.
For example, instead of writing:
// Import the ActivatedRoute service
import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';// Inject the ActivatedRoute service in the constructor
constructor(private route: ActivatedRoute) {}
// Use the ActivatedRoute service to get the router data
ngOnInit() {
// Get the route params
this.route.params.subscribe(params => {
// Do something with params
});
// Get the route data
this.route.data.subscribe(data => {
// Do something with data
});
// Get the query params
this.route.queryParams.subscribe(queryParams => {
// Do something with queryParams
});
// Get the fragment
this.route.fragment.subscribe(fragment => {
// Do something with fragment
});
// Get the url
this.route.url.subscribe(url => {
// Do something with url
});
}
You can write this:
// Define the component inputs for the router data
@Input() params: Params;
@Input() data: Data;
@Input() queryParams: Params;
@Input() fragment: string;
@Input() url: UrlSegment[];// Use the component inputs to get the router data
ngOnInit() {
// Do something with params
// Do something with data
// Do something with queryParams
// Do something with fragment
// Do something with url
}
To use this feature, RouterModule by setting bindToComponentInputs option to true. for example:
// Import the RouterModule and Routes
import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';// Define the routes for the application
const routes: Routes = [
// Use dynamic imports to load modules lazily
{
path: 'home',
loadChildren: () => import('./home/home.module').then(m => m.HomeModule)
},
{
path: 'about',
loadChildren: () => import('./about/about.module').then(m => m.AboutModule)
},
{
path: 'contact',
loadChildren: () => import('./contact/contact.module').then(m => m.ContactModule)
}
];
// Import the modules for the application
@NgModule({
imports: [
// Use the RouterModule.forRoot method to register the routes and enable bindToComponentInputs option
RouterModule.forRoot(routes, { bindToComponentInputs: true })
],
exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule {}
- New date range picker component in Angular Material: Angular Material is a UI component library that implements the Material Design guidelines. Angular Material provides many components that can be used to create beautiful and functional user interfaces. In Angular 16 there is a new date range picker component Square lumberyou can select the start and end dates from the calendar.
corner 16 A big update that brings many improvements and new features to the framework. corner 16 It is set to revolutionize state management with signals. The improved developer experience and natural hydration of server-side rendering applications gives developers more flexibility to create engaging user interfaces.
Other features cited by Google for corner 16 Includes revisiting and creating reactive models for Angular Zone.js Options for improving runtime performance, introducing a dependency injection debugging API, improving documentation and schematics for standalone components, exploring options for improving JavaScript bundles created by the Angular CLI, and refactoring documentation.
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